Philoctetes (Leaving Cert Classical Studies): Flashcards

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Literary Techniques
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Unity of place in Philoctetes

All action occurs on Lemnos island

Deus ex machina in Philoctetes

Heracles appears to resolve the conflict

Bow of Heracles symbolism

Power and dependence; Philoctetes' dignity and autonomy

The Wound symbolism

Suffering, betrayal, exclusion from society

Lemnos setting meaning

Abandonment, isolation, testing ground for honour/morality

Dramatic irony example in play

Audience knows Neoptolemus deceives Philoctetes

Situational irony in Philoctetes

Greeks abandoned Philoctetes but need him for victory

Verbal irony in Philoctetes

Odysseus presents deception as noble strategy

Odysseus' rhetorical style

Cold, pragmatic, manipulative language

Philoctetes' rhetorical style

Raw, emotional appeals based on loyalty and justice

Neoptolemus' character development

Moves from deceit towards honesty

Chorus function in Philoctetes

Moral barometer, sympathetic observers

Stichomythia definition

Rapid, alternating single-line exchanges

Pathos in Philoctetes

Emotional power through vivid descriptions of suffering

Main themes in Philoctetes

Honour, betrayal, moral conflict

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