Literary Techniques (Leaving Cert Classical Studies): Flashcards

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Literary Techniques
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Unity of place in Trojan Women

All action occurs before Troy's destroyed walls

Play's focus vs typical tragedy

Aftermath & grief, not battles/action on stage

Deus ex machina in reverse

Gods appear in prologue but don't rescue anyone

Lamentation in the play

Central dramatic device; extended solo laments

Monodies

Solo laments delivered by main characters

Pathos focus

Suffering of women and children

Cassandra's dramatic irony

'Celebrates' enslavement, prophesies Agamemnon's death

Chorus represents

Trojan women; collective voice of suffering

Oikos

Household

Sophistic rhetoric

Helen's sophisticated argumentation to shift blame

Fire symbolism

Destruction; Troy burning

Astyanax symbolises

Innocence & Troy's destroyed future

Hector's shield transformed

From heroic protection to child's burial bier

Episodic structure

Grief passes: Hecuba→Cassandra→Andromache→Helen

Play's overall tone

Mournful, relentless, lacking catharsis

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