Physical and Chemical Change (Grade 10 NSC Matric Physical Sciences): Flashcards

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Law of Constant Composition
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Law of constant composition

Elements always combine in same proportion in a compound

Atom ratio in water (H2OH_2O)

H:O = 2:1

Mass % of O and H in water

94% oxygen, 6% hydrogen

Chemical formula of hydrogen peroxide

H2O2H_2O_2

H:O atom ratio in H2O2H_2O_2

1:1

Law of constant composition applies to?

Compounds, not mixtures

Gay-Lussac's Law

Gas volumes react in ratios of small whole numbers

Volume ratio: 2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(l)2H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2H_2O(l)

2:1:2

Volume ratio: N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g)N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightarrow 2NH_3(g)

1:3:2

Can same elements form different compounds with fixed ratios?

Yes, e.g. H2OH_2O and H2O2H_2O_2

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