Measurement and Energy (HSC SSCE Mathematics Standard): Flashcards

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Measurement Errors
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Precision of measuring instrument

Smallest division/unit readable on instrument

Formula for absolute error

±12×precision\pm \frac{1}{2} \times \text{precision}

Upper bound formula

Measurement ++ Absolute error

Lower bound formula

Measurement - Absolute error

Formula for relative error

±Absolute errorMeasurement\pm \frac{\text{Absolute error}}{\text{Measurement}}

Formula for percentage error

±Absolute errorMeasurement×100%\pm \frac{\text{Absolute error}}{\text{Measurement}} \times 100\%

Three sources of measurement errors

Reading errors, parallax error, calibration error

Maximum value of absolute error

Half of the precision

How to improve measurement accuracy

Take multiple measurements of same quantity

What relative error indicates

How significant error is compared to measurement size

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