Properties of the Nucleus (HSC SSCE Physics): Flashcards

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Decay and half-life
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Radioactive decay

Unstable nuclei break down & emit radiation

Half-life

Time for half the nuclei to decay

Single nucleus decay predictability

Impossible to predict

Exponential decay formula

Nt=N0eλtN_t = N_0 e^{-\lambda t}

Decay constant λ\lambda formula

λ=ln2t1/2\lambda = \frac{\ln 2}{t_{1/2}}

Units of λ\lambda

s1\text{s}^{-1}

% remaining after 5 half-lives

Less than 5%

Half-life formula (whole number periods)

Nt=N0(1/2)nN_t = N_0 (1/2)^n

Why medical isotopes need short half-lives

Minimizes patient radiation exposure

Decay pattern type

Exponential not linear

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