Perfect Competition (AQA A-Level Economics): Flashcards

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Perfect Competition
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Purpose of perfect competition model in economics

Theoretical benchmark to measure real market performance

Adam Smith's 'invisible hand' concept (1776)

Self-interest in competitive markets promotes public good

Definition of price-taker

Firm that must accept ruling market price from supply/demand

Profit maximisation rule in perfect competition

Produce where MR=MCMR = MC (marginal revenue = marginal cost)

Type of profit in short run (perfect competition)

Abnormal (supernormal) profits when price exceeds ATC

Type of profit in long-run equilibrium

Normal profit only (total revenue = total cost)

Long-run equilibrium condition in perfect competition

P=ATC=MC=MRP = ATC = MC = MR (price = avg total cost = marginal cost)

Definition of productive efficiency

Production at lowest cost per unit (minimum point on ATC)

Allocative efficiency condition

P=MCP = MC in all markets (price equals marginal cost)

Type of competition possible in perfect competition

Price competition only (no advertising, branding, etc.)

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