International Borrowing and Institutions (Edexcel A-Level Economics A): Quizzes

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International Borrowing and Institutions
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What are multilateral institutions in the context of international development?

Organisations of multiple countries pooling resources

What do concessional terms refer to in international lending?

Loan conditions more favourable than commercial markets

When did the international debt crisis first emerge?

Early 1980s

What percentage of export earnings did Uganda spend on debt servicing in 1990?

More than 80%

How much did oil prices increase during the 1973-74 oil crisis?

Quadrupled

When was the Bretton Woods conference held that established key international financial institutions?

1945

What is the primary distinction between the IMF and World Bank?

IMF: short-term support; World Bank: long-term projects

When was the HIPC Initiative first launched?

1995

Who articulated the Washington Consensus in 1989?

John Williamson

What approach do NGOs typically emphasise in their development projects?

Local-level focus and self-help sustainability

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