The Role of the State in the Macroeconomy (Edexcel A-Level Economics A): Quizzes

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Public Expenditure and Fiscal Policy
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What are the three main channels through which government operates fiscal policy?

Expenditure, taxation, borrowing

Which type of public expenditure creates lasting assets for future generations?

Capital expenditure on infrastructure

Why are indirect taxes such as VAT considered regressive?

Poorer households spend higher % of income

What does the Laffer curve demonstrate about tax rates beyond the optimal rate?

Higher tax rates lead to lower revenue

How does crowding out occur through financial markets?

Govt borrowing raises interest rates

What is the key difference between national debt and fiscal deficit?

Debt is stock, deficit is flow

What characterizes a structural deficit compared to a cyclical deficit?

Persists even at full employment

Which describes means-tested transfer payments?

Paid only to those on low incomes

How do automatic stabilisers help during a recession?

Benefits rise, tax receipts fall

What does the Golden Rule of fiscal policy state?

Borrow only to invest, not for spending

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