Defences Against Infection in Animals (OCR A-Level Biology A): Flashcards
📚Flashcards
Practise the cards
10 cards from this deck
ShowHide
Practise the cards
10 cards from this deck
Three lines of defence
Three lines of defence
1st: barriers, 2nd: non-specific, 3rd: specific (lymphocytes)
First line of defence
First line of defence
Physical/chemical barriers preventing pathogen entry
Lysozyme function
Lysozyme function
Enzyme that breaks down bacterial cell walls
Neutrophils
Neutrophils
Short-lived phagocytes, rapid reaction force, 60-70% of WBCs
Cause of inflammation
Cause of inflammation
Mast cells secrete histamine causing vasodilation & swelling
B lymphocyte maturation site
B lymphocyte maturation site
Bone marrow
Plasma cell
Plasma cell
Activated B cell that produces and releases antibodies
Clonal expansion
Clonal expansion
Mitotic division of lymphocytes forming larger clones
IgG antibody structure
IgG antibody structure
4 polypeptides: 2 heavy (long) and 2 light (short) chains
Active vs passive immunity
Active vs passive immunity
Active: body makes Ab (long-term); Passive: receives Ab (temp)