Homeostasis and Cell Signalling (OCR A-Level Biology A): Flashcards
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Cell signalling
Cell signalling
Cells communicating to coordinate function
Two main animal communication systems
Two main animal communication systems
Nervous system (rapid) & endocrine system (longer-lasting)
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signalling
Communication between nearby cells over short distances
Endocrine signalling
Endocrine signalling
Communication over long distances via bloodstream
Target cells in hormonal signalling
Target cells in hormonal signalling
Cells with specific hormone receptors
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals transferring impulses between nerve cells
Synapse
Synapse
Junction between nerve cells where impulses pass
Homeostasis
Homeostasis
Maintenance of near-constant internal conditions
Negative feedback
Negative feedback
Reverses deviations from optimal condition
Effectors
Effectors
Structures responding to stimuli (muscles & glands)