Top-down vs bottom-up (Edexcel GCSE Geography A): Quizzes
📚Quizzes
Practise the questions
12 questions from this quiz
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Practise the questions
12 questions from this quiz
Who typically leads top-down development projects?
Who typically leads top-down development projects?
Govts or transnational corporations (TNCs)
What scale of investment do top-down projects typically require?
What scale of investment do top-down projects typically require?
Millions or billions of pounds
What type of technology is used in top-down development?
What type of technology is used in top-down development?
Sophisticated & cutting-edge technology
How many people can top-down projects potentially benefit?
How many people can top-down projects potentially benefit?
Thousands or even millions simultaneously
What issue often comes with top-down funding?
What issue often comes with top-down funding?
It comes with conditions attached
How can top-down projects negatively affect local communities?
How can top-down projects negatively affect local communities?
By requiring them to relocate
Who initiates bottom-up development projects?
Who initiates bottom-up development projects?
Local communities or NGOs
Why is technology in bottom-up projects chosen to be 'appropriate'?
Why is technology in bottom-up projects chosen to be 'appropriate'?
So locals can operate & maintain it
How does the cost of bottom-up projects compare to top-down?
How does the cost of bottom-up projects compare to top-down?
Much cheaper to implement
What is a key advantage of bottom-up development?
What is a key advantage of bottom-up development?
Precisely targeted to specific needs
What is a main limitation of bottom-up projects?
What is a main limitation of bottom-up projects?
Very long time to create major impact
What do the most effective development strategies do?
What do the most effective development strategies do?
Combine both top-down & bottom-up