Identifying Bones (Edexcel GCSE Physical Education): Revision Notes

Cranium: The skull bone that protects the brain.

Clavicle: Also known as the collarbone, it connects the arm to the body.

Scapula: The shoulder blade, which provides attachment points for several muscles.

Sternum: The breastbone located in the centre of the chest, to which the ribs are attached.

Ribs: These form the rib cage, protecting the heart and lungs.

Humerus: The upper arm bone between the shoulder and the elbow

Radius and Ulna: The two bones of the forearm. The radius is on the thumb side, and the ulna is on the little finger side.

Carpals: The wrist bones.

Metacarpals: The bones of the hand.

Phalanges: The finger and toe bones.

Pelvis: The hip bones, which support the weight of the upper body.

Femur: The thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the body.

Patella: The kneecap, which protects the knee joint.

Tibia and Fibula: The bones of the lower leg. The tibia, or shinbone, is larger and bears most of the weight, while the fibula is smaller.

Tarsals: The ancle bones.

Metatarsals: The bones of the foot.

Vertebral Column: The spine, made up of individual vertebrae that protect the spinal cord and provide structural support.