Antibodies (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards
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10 cards from this deck
Antibodies
Antibodies
Proteins w/ specific binding sites produced by B cells in response to foreign substances
Heavy chains
Heavy chains
Longer pair of polypeptide chains in antibody
Light chains
Light chains
Shorter pair of polypeptide chains in antibody
Variable region function
Variable region function
Forms antigen-binding sites; complementary to specific antigen
Constant region function
Constant region function
Binds to receptors on immune cells (B cells & phagocytes)
Agglutination
Agglutination
Antibodies clump pathogenic cells together for easier phagocytosis
Monoclonal antibodies
Monoclonal antibodies
Identical antibodies from single clone of B cells
Hybridoma cells
Hybridoma cells
Fusion of B cells & tumour cells; produce antibodies continuously
hCG hormone
hCG hormone
Detected in pregnancy tests; produced by placenta
Humanisation
Humanisation
Modifying mouse antibodies to resemble human antibodies