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Nucleophilic Addition–Elimination (AQA A-Level Chemistry): Flashcards

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Nucleophilic Addition–Elimination

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Reaction type: nucleophile attacks $C=O$ , eliminates leaving group

Nucleophilic addition-elimination

More reactive: acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides?

Acyl chlorides

Intermediate formed in nucleophilic addition to $C=O$

Tetrahedral intermediate

Products: $RCOCl + 2NH_3$

$RCONH_2 + NH_4Cl$

Products: $RCOCl + 2R'NH_2$

$RCONHR' + R'NH_3Cl$

Products: $(RCO)_2O + NH_3$

$RCONH_2 + RCOOH$

Observable by-product: $NH_3$ + acyl chloride

White fumes of $NH_4Cl$

Prepare aliphatic 1° amines via

Reduction of nitriles

Prepare aromatic 1° amines via

Reduction of nitro compounds

Equation: nitrile reduction

$R-CN + 2H_2 \rightarrow R-CH_2-NH_2$

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