Improper Integrals (AQA A-Level Further Maths): Flashcards

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Improper Integrals
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What makes an integral improper?

Infinite limits or function undefined at/between limits

How to evaluate af(x)dx\int_a^{\infty} f(x) dx

limtatf(x)dx\lim_{t \to \infty} \int_a^{t} f(x) dx

What is a convergent improper integral?

Limit exists and equals a finite number

What is a divergent improper integral?

Limit doesn't exist or approaches infinity

Rule when splitting integral at discontinuity

BOTH parts must converge for original to converge

Limit: xkexx^k e^{-x} as xx \to \infty

00 for any real kk

Limit: xklnxx^k \ln x as x0+x \to 0^+

00 for any real kk

When must you split an integral?

Two infinite limits or discontinuity between limits

Discontinuity at boundary method

Replace limit with variable, take limit from defined side

Rational expression at infinity technique

Divide by highest power of xx in denominator

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