Using the Chi-Squared Test (OCR A-Level Biology A): Flashcards
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Chi-squared formula
Chi-squared formula
χ² = Σ(O-E)²/E
Degrees of freedom formula
Degrees of freedom formula
df = n - 1
Standard significance level in biology
Standard significance level in biology
p = 0.05 (5%)
Null hypothesis assumption
Null hypothesis assumption
No significant difference between observed and expected
When χ² < critical value
When χ² < critical value
Accept null hypothesis - differences due to chance
When χ² > critical value
When χ² > critical value
Reject null hypothesis - significant difference exists
Dihybrid cross expected ratio (unlinked genes)
Dihybrid cross expected ratio (unlinked genes)
9:3:3:1
Test cross expected ratio (unlinked genes)
Test cross expected ratio (unlinked genes)
1:1:1:1
Evidence of gene linkage in results
Evidence of gene linkage in results
Two large and two small phenotypic classes
Type of data chi-squared test analyses
Type of data chi-squared test analyses
Categorical data - data sorted into distinct groups