Genetic Engineering (OCR A-Level Biology A): Quizzes

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Genetic Engineering
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Why can genes from one species produce the same protein when transferred to another species?

The genetic code is universal

What is a key feature of the DNA sequences recognised by restriction enzymes?

They are palindromic

What advantage do sticky ends provide in genetic engineering?

Allow complementary base pairing

Why is cDNA particularly useful for inserting genes into bacteria?

It contains only exons and no introns

What is the function of ligase enzyme in genetic engineering?

Forms phosphodiester bonds in DNA backbone

What is the main purpose of marker genes in genetic engineering?

To identify successfully transformed cells

How does Bt toxin kill insect pests in GM crops?

Binds gut receptors & forms pores in cells

What does the term 'pharming' refer to in genetic engineering?

Using livestock to produce pharmaceuticals

What is the key difference between somatic and germ-line gene therapy?

Somatic changes aren't inherited

What advantage does CRISPR-Cas9 have over earlier genetic engineering methods?

Targets specific genome locations precisely

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