Haloalkanes (OCR A-Level Chemistry A): Flashcards

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The Chemistry of the Haloalkanes
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Elements in haloalkanes

C, H, and at least one halogen (F, Cl, Br, or I)

Prefix for Br in haloalkane names

bromo-

Charge on C in C-X bond

δ+\delta^+ (partially positive)

Definition of nucleophile

Atom/group with lone pair attracted to δ+\delta^+ C

Three common nucleophile examples

OH\text{OH}^-, H2O\text{H}_2\text{O}, NH3\text{NH}_3

Literal meaning of hydrolysis

Breaking with water

C-X bond strength order (strongest first)

C-F > C-Cl > C-Br > C-I

Haloalkane hydrolysis rate order (fastest first)

Iodoalkanes > bromoalkanes > chloroalkanes

AgCl, AgBr, AgI precipitate colours

White, cream, yellow

Hydrolysis rate: 1°, 2°, 3° haloalkanes (fastest first)

Tertiary > secondary > primary

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