The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (HSC SSCE Mathematics Advanced): Flashcards

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The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
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Definition of primitive F(x)F(x) of f(x)f(x)

F(x)=f(x)F'(x) = f(x); differentiating FF gives ff

Fundamental theorem: abf(x)dx=?\int_a^b f(x) dx = ?

F(b)F(a)F(b) - F(a) where FF is primitive of ff

Primitive of xnx^n (where n1n \neq -1)

xn+1n+1+C\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + C

Why doesn't power rule work when n=1n = -1?

Would require division by zero (undefined)

Notation: definite integral with primitive FF

[F(x)]ab=F(b)F(a)[F(x)]_a^b = F(b) - F(a)

Why expand brackets before integrating?

No product rule for integration

Why split fractions with multiple numerator terms?

No quotient rule for integration

Order of operations in [F(x)]ab[F(x)]_a^b

Substitute upper (b)(b), then lower (a)(a), then subtract

Can you integrate across an asymptote?

No, cannot integrate where function is undefined

Memory aid for primitive of xnx^n

Increase index by 1, divide by new index

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