Carbohydrates (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards

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Monosaccharides
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Composition of carbohydrates

Carbon atoms combined with water molecules

Monosaccharide definition

Single sugar monomer

Disaccharide definition

Two sugar monomers joined

Polysaccharide definition

Many sugar monomers joined

General formula of monosaccharides

(CH2O)n(CH_2O)_n where nn = 3 to 7

Properties of monosaccharides (2 key ones)

Sweet-tasting and water-soluble

Two isomeric forms of glucose

α-glucose and β-glucose

Reducing sugars definition

Sugars that can donate electrons to other chemicals

Benedict's test positive result

Blue to red, forms copper(I) oxide precipitate

Type of analysis: Benedict's test

Semi-quantitative

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