Acylation (AQA A-Level Chemistry): Flashcards
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Acylation process
Acylation process
Introducing an acyl group () into a molecule
Acyl group structure
Acyl group structure
(carbonyl group + alkyl/aryl group)
Acyl chlorides vs acid anhydrides reactivity
Acyl chlorides vs acid anhydrides reactivity
Acyl chlorides more reactive (Cl more electronegative)
Polarisation in carbonyl group ()
Polarisation in carbonyl group ()
O is δ-, C is δ+ (O more electronegative)
Acyl chloride + water products
Acyl chloride + water products
Carboxylic acid + HCl
Acyl chloride + alcohol products
Acyl chloride + alcohol products
Ester + HCl
Acyl chloride + 2 ammonia overall products
Acyl chloride + 2 ammonia overall products
Amide + ammonium chloride
Why acid anhydrides preferred in industry
Why acid anhydrides preferred in industry
Less vigorous, cheaper, less corrosive, safer by-products
Aspirin synthesis: preferred reagent
Aspirin synthesis: preferred reagent
Ethanoic anhydride (cheaper, less hazardous than acyl chloride)
Why amides less reactive than acyl chlorides
Why amides less reactive than acyl chlorides
Resonance stabilisation in bond