Inorganic Ions in Biological Processes (OCR A-Level Biology A): Flashcards
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Cofactor definition
Cofactor definition
Non-protein compound required for protein's biological activity
Ca²⁺ role in muscle contraction
Ca²⁺ role in muscle contraction
Interact with troponin to expose actin binding sites
Na⁺ role in nerve transmission
Na⁺ role in nerve transmission
Generation and propagation of action potentials
K⁺ role in plant guard cells
K⁺ role in plant guard cells
Accumulate to increase water potential, making cells turgid
H⁺ role in ATP formation
H⁺ role in ATP formation
Move down gradient through ATP synthase in chemiosmosis
Source of NH₄⁺ ions
Source of NH₄⁺ ions
Intermediate product during deamination of proteins
NO₃⁻ function in plants
NO₃⁻ function in plants
Nitrogen source to manufacture amino acids and proteins
Purpose of chloride shift
Purpose of chloride shift
Maintains electrical neutrality when HCO₃⁻ leaves RBCs
Three roles of PO₄³⁻ ions
Three roles of PO₄³⁻ ions
Cell membranes, ATP component, DNA/RNA backbone
Energy released when ATP hydrolysed
Energy released when ATP hydrolysed
30.5 kJ·mol⁻¹
