The Compass (Grade 10 NSC Matric Physical Sciences): Flashcards

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The Compass
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Compass function

Navigation instrument that detects magnetic fields

Two main components of a compass

Magnetised needle and pivot

How compass needle aligns

Aligns with Earth's magnetic field direction

Geographic poles

Points where Earth's rotation axis meets surface

Magnetic poles

Points where Earth's magnetic field lines converge

Magnetic declination angle

11.5°11.5° between magnetic and geographic north

Direction compass needle points

Magnetic north, not true north

Frequency of magnetic field reversal

Approx. every 200,000200,000 years

Magnetosphere

Protective region where Earth's magnetic field operates

Cause of aurora displays

Solar wind particles colliding with atmosphere particles

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