Regulation of Blood Glucose (VCE SSCE Biology): Flashcards

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Regulation of Blood Glucose
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Glucose molecular structure

Six-carbon carbohydrate molecule

Normal blood glucose range

4.0 to 7.8 mmol/L

Glycogenesis

Conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage

Glycogenolysis

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose

Hyperglycaemia threshold

Blood glucose above 7.8 mmol/L

Hypoglycaemia threshold

Blood glucose below 4.0 mmol/L

Beta cells function

Detect high glucose; secrete insulin

Alpha cells function

Detect low glucose; secrete glucagon

Insulin's two main effects

Increases glucose uptake & glycogen production

Glucagon's main effect

Triggers glycogen breakdown in liver

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