Infrared Spectroscopy (OCR A-Level Chemistry A): Flashcards

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Infrared spectroscopy
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Wavenumber unit for IR spectroscopy

cm1\text{cm}^{-1} (range: 2004000 cm1200-4000 \text{ cm}^{-1})

Two types of bond vibration when absorbing IR

Stretching and bending

Fingerprint region in IR spectra

Below 1500 cm11500 \text{ cm}^{-1}, unique to each molecule

O-H bond in alcohols wavenumber range

32003600 cm13200-3600 \text{ cm}^{-1} (sharp peak)

C=O carbonyl bond wavenumber range

16301820 cm11630-1820 \text{ cm}^{-1} (typically 1700\sim 1700)

O-H bond in carboxylic acids wavenumber range

25003300 cm12500-3300 \text{ cm}^{-1} (very broad peak)

Two key peaks identifying carboxylic acids

C=O (1700\sim 1700) + broad O-H (25003300 cm12500-3300 \text{ cm}^{-1})

IR spectrum axes

Transmittance (%) vs wavenumber (cm1\text{cm}^{-1})

Appearance of absorption peaks in IR spectrum

Downward dips on transmittance graph

What to identify when interpreting IR spectra

Both the specific bond AND the functional group

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