DNA - Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (Edexcel GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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What does DNA stand for?
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What type of molecule is DNA?
What type of molecule is DNA?
Polymer
What is the shape of DNA's structure?
What is the shape of DNA's structure?
Double helix
3 components of a nucleotide
3 components of a nucleotide
Sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate group, nitrogenous base
4 nitrogenous bases in DNA
4 nitrogenous bases in DNA
Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T)
Adenine pairs with
Adenine pairs with
Thymine (T)
Cytosine pairs with
Cytosine pairs with
Guanine (G)
Number of bonds between A-T pair
Number of bonds between A-T pair
2 bonds
Number of bonds between C-G pair
Number of bonds between C-G pair
3 bonds
What is a codon?
What is a codon?
Group of 3 bases coding for a specific amino acid
How many types of amino acids are there?
How many types of amino acids are there?
20 different types
2 stages of protein synthesis
2 stages of protein synthesis
Transcription and translation
3 types of mutations
3 types of mutations
Insertion, deletion, substitution
What is a gene?
What is a gene?
Small section of DNA on chromosome coding for protein
What is a genome?
What is a genome?
All genes coding for all proteins in an organism