Types of Milk (Junior Cert Home Economics): Revision Notes

Types of Milk

1. Whole milk
2. Fortified milk
3. Skimmed milk
4. Low-fat milk
5. Lactose-free milk
6. Long-life milk (UHT)
7. Protein milk
8. Flavoured milk
9. Buttermilk
10. Evaporated milk
11. Condensed milk
12. Dried milk

• Whole (3.6% fat)
• Pasteurised and homogenised
• Good for young children

• Fortified
• Extra nutrients: calcium, B vitamins (including folic acid), vitamins D and E
• Suitable for everyone

• Skimmed (0.3% fat)

• Almost all fat removed

• Ideal for low-cholesterol or low-calorie diets

  

• Low-fat (1% fat)

• Some fat removed

• Suitable for low-cholesterol or low-calorie diets

  

• Lactose-free

• Lactose removed

• Good for those with lactose intolerance

• Long-life (UHT)

• Heated to high temperatures to kill bacteria

• Lasts months if unopened

• Common in warm climates

  

• Protein Milk

• Extra protein: 100 g per litre, less fat

• Great for strength and fitness programmes

  

• Flavoured Milk

• Added flavours like chocolate, vanilla, or strawberry

• Can be high in sugar

  

• Buttermilk

• Acidic liquid from butter-making

• Used in baking (e.g., brown soda bread)

  

• Evaporated Milk

• Some water removed, sealed in a can

• Lasts over a year

• Used in desserts and as a coffee creamer

• Condensed Milk

• Water removed, sugar added, sealed in a can

• Long shelf life, over a year

• Used in desserts (e.g., caramel slices)

  

• Dried Milk

• All moisture removed

• Long shelf life in a sealed tin

• Useful for camping and emergencies