Gene Expression (VCE SSCE Biology): Flashcards
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Gene expression
Gene expression
Process creating functional products (proteins) from genes
3 stages of gene expression in eukaryotes
3 stages of gene expression in eukaryotes
Transcription, RNA processing, Translation
Transcription
Transcription
DNA copied into pre-mRNA by RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase function
RNA polymerase function
Enzyme synthesising pre-mRNA from DNA template strand
Template strand vs coding strand
Template strand vs coding strand
Template: transcribed; Coding: same sequence as mRNA (T→U)
RNA processing purpose
RNA processing purpose
Adds 5' cap & 3' tail; removes introns; joins exons
Exons vs Introns
Exons vs Introns
Exons: coding regions; Introns: non-coding regions
Translation
Translation
mRNA decoded into polypeptide chain at ribosomes
Codon
Codon
Three nucleotides in mRNA coding for one amino acid
Start codon
Start codon
AUG - signals start of translation, codes for methionine