Antibiotics & other medicines (Edexcel GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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Definition of antibiotics
Definition of antibiotics
Medicines that kill bacterial pathogens inside the body without damaging body cells
Why antibiotics can't kill viruses
Why antibiotics can't kill viruses
Viruses use body cells to reproduce, so drugs targeting them would harm body tissue
What painkillers treat
What painkillers treat
Symptoms of disease, not the cause
Example of an antibiotic
Example of an antibiotic
Penicillin
Effect of antibiotics on deaths from bacterial diseases
Effect of antibiotics on deaths from bacterial diseases
Decreased the number of deaths
Main concern with antibiotic use
Main concern with antibiotic use
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics
How bacterial resistance develops
How bacterial resistance develops
Mutations make some bacteria resistant; they survive antibiotics and reproduce
What happens to non-resistant bacteria exposed to antibiotics?
What happens to non-resistant bacteria exposed to antibiotics?
They die
Why resistant bacteria population increases
Why resistant bacteria population increases
Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce
How to prevent resistance: avoid overuse
How to prevent resistance: avoid overuse
Stop overusing antibiotics
How to prevent resistance: finish courses
How to prevent resistance: finish courses
Finish antibiotic courses to kill all bacteria
How penicillin disrupts bacteria
How penicillin disrupts bacteria
Prevents cell wall formation, cells burst and die
Antibiotic mechanism: protein synthesis
Antibiotic mechanism: protein synthesis
Interferes with protein production in bacterial cells