Types of radiation (Edexcel GCSE Physics): Flashcards

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4.2.2 Types of Radiation
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Composition of an alpha particle

22 protons and 22 neutrons

Distance alpha particles travel in air

Around 5 cm

Material that stops alpha radiation

A single sheet of paper

Ionisation strength of alpha radiation

Very strongly ionising

What is a beta particle

An electron ejected from the nucleus

How a beta particle forms in the nucleus

Neutron changes into a proton and an electron

Distance beta particles travel in air

About 15 cm

Material that stops beta radiation

A few millimetres of aluminium

Ionisation strength of beta radiation

Quite strongly ionising

Type of radiation that gamma is

Electromagnetic radiation from the nucleus

Distance gamma radiation travels in air

Several metres

Materials that absorb gamma radiation

Thick sheets of lead or metres of concrete

Ionisation strength of gamma radiation

Weakly ionising

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