Last updated on Oct 23, 2026

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027) (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Flashcards

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25 – Preparing Soap

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Chemical nature of fats & oils

Esters used for energy storage

Difference between fats & oils

Physical state at room temp (solid vs liquid)

Definition of saponification

Base hydrolysis of ester to produce soap & alcohol

Products of saponification

Soap (salt of carboxylic acid) and alcohol

Base used in saponification

Sodium hydroxide ( $NaOH$ )

Chemical identity of soap

Sodium salt of a carboxylic acid

Definition of hydrolysis

Compound breaks apart by reacting with water

Safe pH level for soap use

Below 10

Curing time needed for soap

4-6 weeks

Benefit of limiting $NaOH$

Safer for skin & improves moisturising properties

Danger of sodium hydroxide

Extremely caustic - causes severe burns to skin & eyes

Time to leave soap in moulds

24 hours

What forms during stirring

Emulsion of aqueous & organic layers

Explore Leaving Cert Chemistry Revision Notes by Topics

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

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4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

Explore Leaving Cert Chemistry Model Answers by Topics

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

Show more

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

Explore Leaving Cert Chemistry Quizzes by Topics

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

Show more

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

Explore Leaving Cert Chemistry Exam Questions by Topics

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

Overview of Experiments (LC 2026)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

1 – Carrying Out Flame Tests (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

2 – Detecting the Presence of Anions (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

3 – Measuring the Relative Molecular Mass of a Volatile Liquid (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

Show more

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

4 – Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mass (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

5 – Investigating Decreases in Concentration (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

6 – Preparing Sodium Carbonate (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

7 – Standardising a Hydrochloric Acid Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

8 – Standardising a Sodium Hydroxide Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

9 – Determining the Concentration of an Ammonia Solution (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

10 – Determining the Concentration of Ethanoic Acid in Vinegar (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

11 – Standardising a Potassium Permanganate Solution (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

12 – Determining the Percentage of Elemental Iron in an Iron Tablet (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

13 – Standardising a Sodium Thiosulfate Solution (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

14 – Investigating the Rate of Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

15 – Investigating the Effect of Surface Area on Reaction Rates (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

16 – Studying the Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

17 – Studying the Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

18 – Investigating Effects on the State of Equilibrium (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

19 – Investigating the Heat of Combustion of Alcohols (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

20 – Determining the Enthalpy of Reaction of a Neutralisation Reaction (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

21 – Investigating Galvanic Cells (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

22 – Investigating with Inert Electrodes (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

23 – Preparing & Investigating Ethene (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

24 – Preparing an Ester (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

25 – Preparing Soap (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

26 – Distinguishing Between Aldehydes and Ketones (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

27 – Synthesising & Investigating Benzoic Acid (LC 2027)

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